Identification Tools - CHEMM-IST, WISER, Cyanide Chemical Properties.General information on these identification technicques is located in Emergency Response Guidebook. Responders should obtain assistance in identifying the chemical(s) from container shapes, placards, labels, shipping papers, and analytical tests.Liquid agent, which is readily absorbed through skin ( especially in young children and pregnant women) can produce symptoms immediately or be delayed up to an hour).With lower dose exposures signs and symptoms may take longer to present. The time of onset of symptoms typically is seconds following inhalation of higer doses of gaseous hydrogen cyanide and may cause abrupt onset of profound CNS, cardiovascular, and respiratory effects, leading to death within minutes.The amount of cyanide, the duration of exposure, the route of exposure all influence the time to onset and the severity of illness. Hydrogen cyanide is highly toxic by all routes of exposure.Perception of the odor is a genetic trait (20 % to 40 % of the general population cannot detect hydrogen cyanide). The odor of hydrogen cyanide is detectable at 2-10 ppm (OSHA PEL = 10 ppm), but does not provide adequate warning of hazardous concentrations. Hydrogen cyanide has a distinctive bitter almond odor, but some individuals cannot detect it and consequently, it may not provide adequate warning of hazardous concentrations.
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